Method of making ply yarn



May 8, 1951 w. B. PARKER METHOD OF MAKING PLY YARN Filed Jan. 29, 1948 INVENTOR WALTER B. PARKER ATTORNEYS Patented May 8, 1951 UNITED STATES METHOD" OFMAKI'NG PLY YARN tWalterzB. Parker, .Keene,:N.' H.

"Application January 29, 1948;Se1ial'No. 5332 ;1*'.Claim. .1 Thisinvention relates toa new'method of making plyyarn.

-In the textile industryplyyarnshave usually into a single twisted strand, known as ply *yarn, on ring, cap'or flyer type twisting frames.

-Ply yarns have also been made on -aspinning W0 frame,-by using it-as a-twisting frame. -In this In-both of "the above methods *the' strandsare what may be called pre-made, for examplea'c'ontinuous synthetic filament-already wound on' 'a spool orastran'd of 'fibrousmaterial already spun into yarn on a-bobbin. "The process therefore has called for two operations, the making -of several pre-made strands on'one typeof machine and the twisting of such stran'ds together onanother type of machine.

-One-of thebbjects of my invention-is to pro- -duce a new ply yarnin one operation andon a single machinefithe spinning fr-amej thus eliminating the separate twisting frame operation,

and to i do so while one of the strands 1' is bein e spun into kyarn on the spinning 'frame.

:One object of myinvention-is to produce a'cnew ply 'yarn which is not :only less Eexpensive .to

:manufacture but which :-meets and iexceeds lithe requirements of similar yarns :made -:by "former methods and whichnexhibits; improved: characteristics when knitted or woven into fabric.

.A further object of my'invention "is to produce ,alplygyarn insmall sizes which cannot be :made

by former methodsbecause the. roving is tooweak as lar :to'withstand the twisting ,operatiomand to .give :such small size ply yarn -a high "tensile strength.

Astilliurther vobjectvof my invention'sis-ito --enable the use of extremely fine counts of wool .ifibres, inrmaking 'ply yarnswhich..have'*tlie,;feel, "cuil' over and'aroun'd the ny tranwmore-er :appearance and wearing quality ."Of .the'fibrous .-:material, have hightensile strength and can be .made intoa'strong, light fabric hitherto impossible to produce=from such fibres.

Two or more roll and through a front or delivery drafting I roll which draws out the mimic the required size. The -roving =is then =given thedesired amount of -*'twist, into-what "-is known as yarn, by -'-a eap, Ting or -fiyer twisting --mechanism also on tlie spinning frame.

My invent-ion improveson theyarn made 'in the above normal -manner on a --spinning franie, by adding a pre+madefiner countystrandnf hi'gh tensile strength, namely a fine filament ny1onyarn,:to the roving as it masses through th'e nip of the front or delivery draft rolls. 'The'itwo s'tran'ds are-thus *entwined together i-nto-"a -p1-y yarn-wvhile the roving is twisted into yarn in a s'ingle operlation. While iuseful ito give additional strength ="-'-to--strong rovings my' method is partici'ilarly applicable for use with weak rovings.

The 1 roving -used in my i ply -yarn is v of =--to0 low *--a tensilestrength tc s'tand -iridependent twisting .on a ring spinning framemfor examplamoVings of short fi'bres of woolavhich -tenizttc break easily. A roving which is not only of short iibres oflwool, but is also o'f :extremely 'fine.=count,is:dfcourse exceptionally weak and' -myiinventionis:particu- -larly useful with weak workings of this kind.

By the term twisting" l' means the holding-10f eone end of a -single strand, :-0r='0f several strands, and'the revolving of iathe opposite end, or ends,

on the longitudinal axisithereof. I useethe term 'entwining to descr-ibe athe action nf ;;two or -more strands iwhen subj ectito such twisting.

I use-as aistrengtheningi or ':reinforcing.-st1:arid

a'fi1ament-0f nylon o'f thirty den-ier or 1ess, -whieh corresponds in size to a woolen yarn count of 186 or more :andeis exceptionally fine.

Dependingon the-=size o'f the moving to 'ibe twisted into iyarn,' fl prefer ito:use1a nylon istrand which is considerably wsmaller in size, than .the roving .for example "from "one half J to one tei ith The nylon strand thus becom'es well J embedded between the itwists o'f the :roving li-n the resulting ply yarn. However the nylon strand and the roving 'may :be nearly equalz-in size-and still give good results-since the fibres tend to less embedding it therein.

In-so'me suitable loc-ation on-the'spinriing' frame -'I attach supply pack-ages of nylon s'tran'ds arid ui'de -each=--end thr oiigh the nip--'of each set 'ef The spinning'fram g s my procefissis1off5 front or delivery -'cl-r a'ft ro'lls. The rotation of the usual well known construction. 'Stra-nds =of wool fibres are delivered to it in the form of roving, the fibres-being more or less parallel and the strand being substantially untwisted. The

the rollsiirav'vs tlie s'tr arlcl tiff thesupply pakage, 'i thereaifter, and feedsit i-nto the' twistin r'nechanism to'g th'er viiith the drafted 'ro'vir g' a lso passing through the n-ip so that both-s'trands a're roving is guided-through a back or feed drafting =entwiried into ply -ya'r'n.

In the contradistinction to prior devices, there is no tension whatever on my nylon strand between the package and the nip of the draft rolls. Neither the nylon strand nor the roving strand is fed more rapidly than the other as is the case in the making of a core yarn or a covered yarn. Instead, the two strands spiral around each other to form a ply yarn.

The addition of the nylon strand gives support to the weak roving as it is subected to the stresses and strains of the cap, ring or fiyer twisting mechanism caused by the inertia or drag of the travelers or similar tensions. Upon receiving twist from the twisting mechanism, a strong serviceable ply yarn is formed from the'nip of the front draft rolls down to and onto the bobbin in one continuous operation on the spinning frame. The resultant ply yarn improves over ordinary ply yarns having a reinforcing strand, because in my invention the fibrous strand is twisted into yarn as part of the operation of entwining it with a nylon strand of much finer count thus causing the twists of the roving to partially cover the nylon strand and giving a completely new yarn of improved characteristics.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation, partly in section of a typical ring spinning frame and illustrating the apparatus used in my new method of making ply yarn.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the ply yarn produced by my new method and Fig. 3 is a plan View of a fabric made from the yarn shown in Fig 2 and Fig. 4 is a plan view of ply yarn produced by my new method with less twist than that shown in Fig. 2.

As shown in the drawings, F is the frame of a typical ring spinning frame having a ring rail R, spindle rail S and a member I] for supporting false twist tubes 20. Spindles l are shown as fixed in spindle rail S and a bobbin B is revoluble on said spindles by means of a whorl 2 all constructed in ,a well known manner.

I do not limit myself to this particular type of spinning frame, since my process is usable on frames having traversing spindle rails, traversing bobbin rails or traversing ring rails as well as all types of cap or fiyer frames.

Ring rail R carries a ring 30, upon which a traveler 3! is guided and through which my ply yarn 40 passes as the traveler and yarn revolve around the ring 30 and are wound upon the bobbin.

50 is a large spool or similar supply package upon which roving 5| is wound and from which it is drawn by the nip of the back or feed rolls 52, 53 of the drafting mechanism. The roving 51 then passes through false twist tube 28, revolving in member H, which imparts a false twist .to strengthen the roving during the drawing out process.

Roving 5! is drawn to the required size by the action of front or delivery drafting rolls 54, 55 which revolve faster than 52, and 53 thus stretching out the roving and reducing its diameter as shown at 56. The roving 51 has only a false twist and is thus comparatively weak when it is delivered by the draft rolls 54 and 55 to pass through the twisting process.

My invention lies in the provisions of a nylon strengthening strand 62, wound on a volute, filling or cone wound supply package 6!, carried by a suitable support 60 attached to frame F, said strand 62 passing over or under suitable guides 69 and being introduced between the nip of front drafting rolls 54 and 55. Strand 62 is continuously drawn off the supply package 6| by the rotation of rolls 54 and 55 and joins roving 56 to support it while the two strands become twisted together into a single strand of ply yarn.

As shown in Fig. 2, the roving 55 and strengthening strand 62 may have considerable twist so that the strand 62 is substantially imbedded or as shown in Fig. 4 if a less twist is imparted the strand 52 may be more prominent.

The supply package 6| is of the well known cone type, the foundation being a cone and the winding being of such a character that when pulled off, especially if the cone is upside down as shown, there is actually no tension whatever on the strand 62, such as is inevitable where a spun or twisted thread must turn a bobbin or spool for delivery. The spinning ring 30 and traveller 3] spin the roving 5| and strand 62 causing them to spiral about each other as in types of ply yarn made from preshrunk strands.

In actual practice, since the roving is soft and fibrous and of considerably greater diameter than the strengthening strand, the latter is substantially embedded in the fibres, giving the twisted strand the feel and appearance of the wool fibre material.

When my ply yarn is woven or knitted into fabric, the fabric has the appearance of the wool fibre material. As shown in Fig. 3, in woven fabric 10, I can use my ply yarn for the filling 7| or the warp 12 or for both and the fabric may be unusually light in weight for the strength achieved. The fabric has the feel of the fibrous material and is cheaper to manufacture than fabrics of corresponding qualityyor made by old methods, because of eliminating the cost of the twisting frame operation, because the fibres used can be shorter, weaker and less expensive or because the yarn used can be offiner counts of long or short fibres.

It should be noted that the amount by which my strengthening filament may be covered or imbedded in the wool fibre roving is not dependent on the tension of the filament when introduced, as is the case with prior devices which produce only core yarns. I secure more or less prominence for my strengthening strand by varying the amount of twist imparted to the ply yarn by the twisting device, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, with no tension on the filament at any time. I call my ply yarn uncored" to differentiate it from core yarns in which the strengthening strand is tensioned rather than free running as in my invention.

I claim:

The method of making a ply yarn of two strands intertwined each of equal length and pitch which consists of passing roving of low tensile strength through the back rolls of a spinning frame, thence giving it a false twist betweenfront and back rolls and thence through the front draft rolls and at the same time unwinding a fine pre-made strand of high tensile strength from the small end of a cone wound package, the small end of the package being down, and delivering both roving and pre-made strand in juxtaposition from the nip of the front rolls through a traveler on a ring positioned in said spinning frame onto a revolving bobbin.

WALTER B. PARKER.

(References on following page) 5 REFERENCES CITED Number The following references are of record in the 2313058 file of this patent: 2,332,704 2,433,722 UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 2,477652 Number Name Date 12,467 Haslam Feb. 27, 1855 852,356 Stevenson Apr. 30, 1907 Number 1,198,997 Cunningham Sept, 19, 1916 407,263 ,254,738 Stevens et a1 Jan. 29, 1918 10 415,401 ,286, 11 Heathcock Dec. 3, 1918 518,374

Name Date Francis, Jr Mar. 9, 1943 Feron Aug. 1 1, 1945 Weiss Dec. 30, 194'! Robbins, II Aug. 2, 19 19 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France Dec. 24, 1909 France July 12, 1910 Germany Feb. 14, 1931 

